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St Helens is a village and civil parish〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=English Parishes & Welsh Communities N&C 2004 )〕 located on the eastern side of the Isle of Wight. The village developed around village greens. This is claimed to be the largest in England but some say it is the second largest. The greens are often used for cricket matches during the summer and football in the winter, and also include a children's playground.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Castle - St Helens - Local area )〕 The local pub is (the Vine ). The village also has two restaurants, Ganders on the upper side of the green and Dan's Kitchen on the south. The village is a short distance from the coast, about a ten-minute walk to St Helens Duver. The Duver was once the location of the island's first golf course (one of England's first golf courses), which for a while was almost as famous as the golf course at St Andrews. It is now a popular beach for tourists during the summer season and is protected by the National Trust. It is linked to other parts of the island by Southern Vectis bus route 8 serving Ryde, Bembridge, Sandown and Newport including intermediate villages.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Southern Vectis bus routes )〕 ==History== The origin of St Helens seems to revolve around the Cluniac Priory and the monastic church, built circa 1080. In 1340 a French raid landed at St Helens but was repulsed by Sir Theobald Russell. In 1346 Edward III set sail from St Helens to invade Normandy. After the alien priories were suppressed by Henry V in 1414 the old church became the parish church. The original church eventually became unsafe, and a new one was built further inland. In 1720 a great wave destroyed the old church. At this time the entrance to the harbour was near to the church, being moved due to attempts at reclamation of the harbour, which were unsuccessful due to locals removing building materials. The church was undermined by the quarrying of stone from the beach, which accounts for the large dressed blocks leading along the beach to Priory Bay. The entrance was defended by a small gun battery, which has been lost to the sea. The tower still stands to this day; the seaward side is painted as a sea mark. It is believed that Admiral Lord Nelson's last view of England was of the St Helens seamark - HMS ''Victory'' had anchored nearby to collect drinking water, before setting sail for Cádiz and participation in the Battle of Trafalgar. Dressed stones from the walls of the destroyed church, which were soft sandstone, were found to be good for scrubbing the decks of wooden planked warships - hence the terms 'holystone' and 'holystoning the decks'. The closest Royal Commission sea fort to the island is St Helens Fort, named after St Helens. St Helens is still host to a number of families who have been residents for over 300 years. Common St Helens names include Attrill, Bennett, Burden, Dyer, Henley, Jacobs, Phillips, Toogood and Wade. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「St Helens, Isle of Wight」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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